Purchasing Overview

Accountability to the public

All City procurement documentation (receipts, invoices, credit card statements) is public record and subject to disclosure under the Public Records Act. With every purchase, consider:

Is there a good explanation as to why the expenditure is appropriate? Has it been documented?
Could the amount spent be comfortably defended under public scrutiny?
Would you be free from worry if the expense was selected for audit?
If the expense was on the front page of the newspaper, would you feel comfortable explaining it to a taxpayer?

Making our tax payer dollars go far

All goods and services, including construction contracts, should be competitively procured or bid. City municipal code requires staff to purchase good or services at the lowest cost. This is why City construction contracts are awarded to the lowest, responsive responsible bidder.

The responsibility to ensure you are procuring City goods and services at the lowest cost available is an ongoing one. Regularly purchased good and contracted services should be routinely re-evaluated and re-advertised.

Per the City’s municipal code Professional Services are not required to be competitively bid and may be instead awarded based on a consultant’s experience, familiarity with the work, personnel, and other criteria specified in the Request for Proposal (RFP). However, it is the City’s business practice to competitively bid professional services whenever possible.

Finally, City procurement policy calls for the periodic evaluation of our in-house services to ensure we are providing services in the most cost-efficient manner (e.g. versus contracting services out).

Know (your funding source) before you go (out to bid)

Prior to proceeding with a major purchase or contract; confirm that funding is available for the project.

If the purchase/contract will be paid out of a division’s annual operating budget, then check your department/division’s latest budget report as to whether sufficient budget is available for the remainder of the fiscal year.

If the purchase/contract will be for a capital project, check the budgeted amount and funding source(s) listed in the Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) document (www.cityofsanrafael.org/CIP).

If you are unsure what the funding source is, you should check with the Department’s financial manager for assistance in identifying the funding source(s) prior to going out to bid and/or executing the contract.

Complying with state and local laws and ordinances

As city employees, we are responsible for making thoughtful purchases in compliance with various state and local laws and ordinances that pertain to items like paper products and food service ware.

SB 1383, the statewide climate pollutant reduction law, requires that all paper products purchased by the city contain a minimum percentage of post-consumer recycled content, generally 30% with some caveats.

The Marin County and City of San Rafael Reusable Foodware Ordinance contains additional specifications for 100% compostable or reusable food ware.

More information about SB 1383 compliant paper products as well as compostable food ware can be found on the Green Purchasing Protocols page.

It is important that all City employees responsible for procuring goods and services understand the policy and procedural requirements described above, for the following essential reasons:

To avoid making unauthorized purchases, for which the City is under no obligation to pay and could result in the City being reimbursed for the cost of the good or service.
To ensure that larger purchases are not split into smaller components to avoid competitive bidding and/or contract award thresholds.
To limit modifications to smaller contracts by requesting incremental increases that must be approved at a higher level of award authority, i.e., an initial contract approved under delegated authority by a director must be amended to a higher amount that requires approval by the City Manager or City Council.
To assure fair and open competition and public confidence in the integrity of the procurement system.

Award Authority Determined by Single Transaction

For the purpose of determining the appropriate award authority, contract amounts shall be defined by what constitutes a single, or one transaction, as shown in the table below.

Contract Type	Single Transaction	Example	Awarding Body
One-time Purchase Order	Each discrete, one-time purchase that will not be duplicated in a fiscal year is a single transaction.	One-time vehicle purchase of $30,000	City Manager
As-needed or On-call Contract or Purchase Order	The contract term, coupled with the total estimated value to be spent during the contract term, is a single transaction.	As-needed contract for equipment parts and repairs estimated at $10,000 for one year On-call contract for vegetation management services for $80,000 for one year Open purchase order for parts and supplies for $25,000 for one year	City Manager City Council City Manager
Contract Amendment	The sum of the initial contract amount plus the amount of the amendment is a single transaction.	Initial contract of $60,000 for maintaining street medians, plus an amendment for $25,000, for a total of $85,000	City Council
Multi-year Contract	The total value of the contract over the course of the contract term is a single transaction.	Three-year contract for janitorial services estimated at $50,000 per year, for a total of $150,000	City Council

Note: Contracts cannot be awarded unless there is an underlying budget appropriation.

Annual Budget Appropriation Required

For the purpose of complying with the Purchasing Policy, no contract can be awarded unless there exists an underlying budget appropriation in the fiscal year in which the contract is awarded.

Contracts awarded in a fiscal year that are anticipated to extend into a subsequent fiscal year or years may be awarded by the appropriate awarding authority but shall be subject to the appropriation requirement specified herein.

City staff must ensure that any contract for goods and/or services, including purchase orders, contain provisions that reflect these important requirements.

Contracts to Purchasing

For information about contracts and contract routing, see City Attorney's Office - San Rafael Employees for training and templates. Once you have an executed contract you can set up the financial information using the Contracts Module of Munis/ERP.

Purchase Orders

Used as authorization to proceed with a purchase, a purchase order (PO) is a valid contract used for materials, supplies, services, and equipment where open accounts have been established with vendors. Written contracts are typically accompanied by purchase orders, unless it is determined by the authorized representative that a stand-alone PO can be issued.

Note: Unless otherwise specified, purchase orders are required for all City purchases, with the following limited exceptions:

Non-recurring purchases of goods under $10,000.
Purchases made with district-issued procurement cards.
Payments to utility companies such as PG&E/MCE, Marin Municipal Water District, etc..
Goods or services obtained through agreements with other governmental entities.
Insurances such as medical, dental, vision, general liability, workers compensation, and property.
Bond and note and related payments.
Investment management invoices.
Employee membership dues, travel, conferences, professional certifications, and tuition reimbursements.
Payments to employees through the AP employee reimbursement process.

Link to view San Rafael Municipal Code

Professional services

Services of attorneys, physicians, architects, engineers, surveyors and other consultants or individuals or organizations possessing a high degree of technical skill (SRMC 2.55.020(d))

Amount SRMC 2.55.040	Award Authority	Requirements SRMC 2.55.090
<$10,000	Director	Competitive bidding preferred, not required
$10,000 - $75,000	City Manager	Competitive bidding preferred, not required
>$75,000	City Council	Competitive bidding preferred, not required

Public works projects

Note: to qualify as a City "Public works project" the contract does not necessarily need to be executed by the Public Works Department, it just must fit the description(s) below.

SRMC 11.50.020(h)

The construction, improvement, alteration, modification and repair of public buildings, works and facilities;
Work in or about streams, bays, waterfronts, embankments or other works for protection against overflow;
Construction of streets and related improvements including installation of lighting and signaling systems;
Construction of drainage systems;
Construction of parks, playgrounds and other recreational improvements, scenic improvements, and enhancement projects;
Furnishing materials and supplies for any such project;
Maintenance and repair of public works; and
Other similar work.

Amount SRMC 11.50.020(f)(g) & City Resolution 14416*	Award Authority	Requirements SRMC 11.50.090(a)
$0 -$5,000	Supervisor/Project Manager	Competitive bidding preferred, not required
$5,000 -$30,000	Mid-Manager	Competitive bidding preferred, not required
$30,000 - $200,000*	Maintenance: Director All other: City Manager	Informal bidding procedures (min. 3 bids)
>$200,000*	City Council	Formal bidding procedures

* Per the Muni Code, the Public Works Minor and Major contracts threshold can be modified by a City Council Resolution. Therefore, to mirror the Public Works Contracts Code, the City of San Rafael adopted Resolution 14416 on January 17, 2023 to increase the Minor contract threshold to $200,000 from the prior $175,000 threshold

Services, supplies, materials and equipment

Any and all articles or things which shall be furnished to or used by any department of the city (SRMC 2.55.020(h,i)). This includes computer software or similar technology purchases.

"Services" means any and all work performed or services rendered by independent contractors, with or without the furnishing of material, excluding contracts for public works projects or professional services. (SRMC 2.55.020(h)).
Includes support services: work performed or services rendered by independent contractors, with or without the furnishing of material, such as custodial services, building and equipment maintenance, machinery and equipment rental, and telephone, gas, water, electric light and power services (SRMC 11.50.020 (j), 11.50.030 – “support services”).
Services, Supplies, Materials and Equipment purchased for a public works project are exempt from these requirements and fall under the Public Works Projects requirements (SRMC 11.50.020 (h)(6))

Amount SRMC 2.55.110	Award Authority	*Requirements* *SRMC 2.55.110*
<$5,000	Director or Designee	Competitive bidding not required
$5,000-$10,000	Director or Designee	Competitive bidding required, informal bidding procedures
$10,000 - $75,000	City Manager	Competitive bidding required, informal bidding procedures
>$75,000	City Council	Competitive bidding required, formal bidding procedures

Exceptions to competitive bidding

SRMC 2.55.100

Any purchase <$5,000
Emergency purchases and contracts: when determined and declared by City Manager that an emergency exists
Sole source: Supplies, materials, equipment, and services that can only be obtained from a sole source or that are specialty in nature. Approval of sole source must be given by appropriate level of authority for dollar amount, e.g. for a $50,000 professional services contract City Manager must approve a sole source, and for a $100,000 professional services contract City Council must approve the purchase.
Professional services: Competitive bidding is not required for professional services contracts. However, the vendor selected must demonstrate competence and the professional qualifications necessary for the satisfactory performance of the services required.
Cooperative purchasing programs: Purchases of supplies, material, equipment or services and sales of surplus property made under a cooperative purchasing program, such as by utilizing purchasing agreements maintained by the United States government or any agency or division thereof, the State of California, County of Marin, or other public agencies, are exempt from the competitive bidding requirements of this chapter. Documentation of the cooperative purchase should be made.

General guidelines